Context
According to a new report, Global agricultural productivity is not growing as fast as the demand for food, amid the impact of climate change.The report was released in conjunction with the World Food Prize Foundation’s annual conference.
Key-Findings of the Report
TFP growth
- Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is growing at an annual rate of 1.36% (2020-2019).
- This is below the Global Agricultural Productivity Index that has set an annual target of 1.73% growth to sustainably meet the needs of consumers for food and bioenergy in 2050.
Factors responsible for small TFP growth
-
TFP growth is influenced by climate change, climate change, monetary policy changes, market conditions, investment in infrastructure and agricultural research and development.
Situation in Different Countries
- Dry Regions (Africa and Latin America): Climate change has slowed production growth by 34%.
- High-Income Countries (North America and Europe): Moderate TFP growth.
- Middle Income Countries (India, China, Brazil and former Soviet republics): TFP growth rates are strong.
- Low-Income Countries (Sub-Saharan Africa): TFP has a contract average of 0.31% per annum.
Indian Scenario
-
Strong TFP Growth
- India has seen strong TFP growth and output growth in this century.
- The most recent data show an annual TFP growth rate of 2.81% and a product growth rate of 3.17% (2010–2019.)
-
Impact of Climate Change
- By the end of the century, summer temperatures in India could rise by five degrees Celsius.
- This rapidly rising temperature, combined with changes in rainfall patterns, could reduce the yield of large Indian food crops by 10% by 2035.
-
Other Challenges
- In addition to the challenges for environmental sustainability, India’s small-scale farmers face significant obstacles to economic and social sustainability.
- Of the 147 million landholdings in India, 100 million is less than two hectares in size.
